Pumps of poisonous sea
This is one of the most unique places on the planet. Here is the world’s largest cluster of poisons: sulfide, ammonia and methane. However, not only the composition of local water is unique, but also its inhabitants. Most recently, creatures were found here, similar to the inhabitants of another planet. The conditions for their life and the truth do not differ much from the conditions on the devoid of oxygen Mars.
But it is famous for this place not huge deposits of poisonous gases and not even with their "aliens". Most of us knows it just like. resort.
Black Sea – very ancient reservoir. In essence, this is the rest of Tethys – the Ancient Ocean, in the process of active mining of divided into several separate water bodies (Black, Azov, Aral and Caspian Sea).
Black Sea
Enters the atlantic ocean pool. Total area – 422,000 km 2 . Maximum depth – 2210 m. This is the most remote ocean sea. On the surface of the Black Sea passes the border between Europe and Malaya Asia.
Who sat down?
Why salty seeds, still not quite understandable. According to one version, the water "reasured" rivers. They were washed with centuries from rocks mineral salts and carried them into the sea. On another theory, the sea was sledgeive from the very first days. And this is not to blame for the river, but volcanoes. They were erupted on the territory of the world’s ocean, shedding salt solutions on its bottom. However, in the salinity of the Black Sea, they are still not volcanoes and non-rivers.
8000 years ago the Mediterranean Sea "sat down" the deepest lake on Earth, and the lake turned into the Black Sea. It happened because of the sharp melting of ice. Water in the Mediterranean sea rose so much that she washed away half of the territory of the future Istanbul, forming a Bosphorian strait. By the way, because of its freshwater history, the Black Sea – still one of the most unsalted in the world. The salinity of water in it is two times lower than in the Mediterranean, that is, about 17-18 ppm.
The reason for the low salty of the Black Sea is hidden not only in his freshwater past. In him, unlike all the other seas of the planet, the largest number of rivers flows: more than three hundred. Their total area is five times higher than the area of the sea. Rivers are diluted with salted sea water. This is especially noticeable in places of their imposition in the sea, where the level of salinity varies depending on the weather.
Kilometers of sulfurodor
Despite the huge number of inhabitants, the Black Sea – the most unclosed compared to other seas. For example, in the Mediterranean Sea, about five times more than animal species than in black. And it is explained by this not a cold climate, but by another unique property of this sea.
Most of the water mass of the reservoir is infected with hydrogen sulfide, so life exists here only in the upper zone: from the coasta to 150-200 m.
Until recently, it was believed that only bacteria can survive in a poisonary hydrogen sulfide. But a few years ago, an amazing discovery was made. Right in the hydrogen sulfide masses live small low-lucrative creatures, without needing in oxygen, nor in the sunlight.
Due to sulfide, life is on the tenth of the entire area. But without this poisonous substance, researchers were calculated, today it could not be, as well as without microorganisms.
The strongest poisons contribute to the preservation of the Black Sea and its inhabitants, making a reservoir not just suitable for life, but sometimes amazingly fertile.
How the sea saved the case
Few people know that in the late 80s, the most ancient sea in the world in the world was on the verge of an ecological catastrophe. Ten times the number of its micro-vehicles decreased. Because of this, many species of fish have almost completely disappeared, for which plankton is the main source of food. From the death of all living and turning the sea in the dead swamp saved him … case. Soviet Union collapsed, socially collapsed, and the deepest economic crisis followed by these events positively affected the Black Sea ecosystem. Strokes with agricultural fields decreased, industrial drains declined sharply. And quietly began to restore the number and species diversity of the Black Sea.
What was bad for the economy turned out to be salvation for ecology. By 2000, the level of microorganisms in the Black Sea recovered to the level of the 60s, and the population of the fish increased with it. The sea again became alive and safe.
Currently, nature is waiting. Black Sea today is no longer like yesterday. But how it becomes tomorrow – while the question is open. The fate of the most amazing sea of the planet is in the hands of a person.
