Cities of Austria: Salzburg

Up to 1816 Salzburg (SALZBURG) existed as an independent city-state managed by archbishop. Ambolism and educated rulers quickly turned a city founded by another Celts, and in 45 g. N. NS. Transferred by the Romans in the support point of Yuvavum, in one of the most significant cultural centers north of the Alps. Now his compact Altstadt for many is the most interesting attraction of Austria, offering its guests the best samples of the country’s baroque architecture, beautiful landscapes and rich cultural heritage. At the same time, the Austrians themselves consider Salzburg the most conservative city of the country, although his rich nightlife and crowds of football fans sometimes make it doubt this opinion.

• View of Mount Festungberg
• Pedestrian Bridge Mozartsteg
• Getreidegasse Street in Salzburg
• Mozartplatz

When visiting the capital of the Earth, it should be borne in mind that there is no such thing here as "Low season", – All year round, the city takes thousands of tourists, and prices here, and so one of the highest in the country, never decrease below a certain level.

sights

The central architectural ensemble of Salzburg, focused around the complex of the episcopal residence on the left bank of the rivers, forms a confusing network of alleys and squares, over which the gloomy gray wardings of medieval Castle Hohensalzburg on Mount Festungberg. Most of the galleries and museums (including the place of birth of Mozart) concentrated here, between the River and Mountains of Mongchsberg, as many of the best cafes of the city.

If rising from the river and colorful Bridge StaatsBrucke, Street will withdraw through vaulted passages Town Hall (XV B.) on Getreidegasse – The most lively old Street of Salzburg, built-up with fashionable shops and old mansions. In the house number 9 Mozart spent the first seventeen years of his life (now here is the Museum of the Great Musician, rather ordinary, by the way, as well as a small exhibition hall). JudenGasse – Eastern continuation of getreidegasse – displays Mozartplatz With a bronze statue (1842 g.) composer and gray tower Residents-Neigbaude (New residence, 1602 g.) known for its musical clock Glockenspiel (beginning of XVIII in.), Chimes of 35 bells of which collect crowds of tourists in 7.00, 11.00 and 18.00. Also located here Museum of Taldler With the famous Panorama of Salzburg (1824-1828.), and work is underway to move here Collections of the Carolino-Augustum Museum.

Potted alleys running from Mozartplatz to the East will remove to the Pfeifergasseis Tunnel Street with a little Museum Paracelsa (lived here in 1524). And the extensive complex of buildings to the south and west of Mozartplatz is part of the residence of Salzburg Archbishops, stretching to the western side of the central square of the city – Residenzplatz. Started in the XVI century with the legendary Wolfe Dietrich and finished with his successor to Marcus Sittikus, the residence complex with two wings "hugs" Extensive courtyard. Now here you can see the pretentious halls of reception Pruncraum (open daily from 10.00 to 17.00; Unified ticket with Residenzgalerie – 7.3 euros), Sean gallery With Rottmeier painting, Ritterzal ("Hall knights", It was here that Mozart at the age of 11 for the first time performed his works), the luxurious audience hall, as well as the entire third floor of the resident of the resident (open from Thursday to Sunday from 10.00 to 17.00; On Mondays – during the holidays) – the richest collection of medieval European painting. If the collection of old guest masters does not interest, you can visit Academic gallery (from Monday to Friday – from 11.00 to 18.00, on Saturdays – from 11.00 to 13.00; Free entrance) with a collection of contemporary art on the first floor of the residence.

• Cathedral
• Panorama of Salzburg
• Festungsbahn Funicular for Hohensalzburg Fortress
• Church Franziskanerkirche

South is Square Domplatz with built on the site of the Roman Forum Salzburg Cathedral (Domkirche St Rupert, 1614-1628.), in the catacombs of which the prelates of the city are buried. Slightly right spread the complex Cathedral Museum (Dommuseum, from mid-May to last Monday October, opened on Saturdays from 10.00 to 17.00, on Sunday – from 11.00 to 18.00; entrance – 5 euros) created on the basis of the collection of Archbishop Guidobald von Tuna (XVII in.) and more like kunstkamera. Just below you can see the first church of the complex – Graubyundden and fragments of its predecessors – Chapel Sanct-Virgil (VIII B.) And Romance Basilica (X-XII centuries.), as well as recently open fragments of Roman mosaics behind the cathedral. In the southern end of the square, a cool street will bring to the funicular Festungsbahn, raising tourists to the Hohensalzburg fortress.

In the western end, Domplatz vaulted passage leads through FranziskanerGasse to Church Franciscanenenkirche (Entry from Sigmund-Haffner-Gasse; Open daily from 6.30 to 19.30), which is the reconstruction of the XV century building of the XI century. And the building on the south side of Franziskanergasse, opposite the church, demonstrates the beautiful Sculpture of Wolf Dietrich in niche above the door. Opposite Franciscanenenkirche, on the south side of FranziskanerGasse, several arches lead to Peterkirch (IIX-XVIII centuries.), which is considered the most significant sample of Rococo style in Salzburg. Behind the church draw gallery Petersfrajdhof, Going into the catacombs of the rocks of Monghsberg Mountains. Here buried the most important people starting with III in. N. NS. (regular excursions are held in the catacomb), and on a small cemetery between the rocks and the walls of the abbey – monks. Benedictine itself St. Peter’s Abbey, In general, and served by the starting point for the formation of a modern city, was founded by Saint Rupert in VII in. N. NS. and acts as a male monastery and nowadays. A little west of franziskanergasse is open urban picture gallery Contemporary Art, in which, along with excellent permanent exposition, various temporary exhibitions are held regularly. And then the elongated area towers in the same side, literally squeezed between the two towers of the former university Church Collegiates (1707 g., Now here is a museum), behind which the complex is located Festzpilhaus – The main concert platform of the Salzburg Festival.

Northeast of Festzpilhouse, but still "in the shadow" Rocks Mongchsberg, lies the square Pferdschwemme, which was planned in 1700 as a playpen for the Archbishop School of Riding and therefore decorated using "horse motifs". Here is the fountain, depicting, as it is believed to be young Alexander the Macedonian, who tames his famous busfall. Just a few hundred meters down BurgerspitalGasse lies the complex of the former alpine Burgerishpal (XVI B.), these days turned into Museum of toys (Open daily from 9.00 to 17.00; 2.7 Euro).

Salzburg Natural Science Collection in Complex Haus der Natur (daily from 9.00 to 17.00; 4.5 euros), lying a few steps to the north of the burgers on MuseumSplatz, is famous for the size than the richness of the collection, but it is interesting for its ease. And literally around the corner, at Museumsplatz 1, is the main historical museum of the city – Karolino-Augustum (Open daily from 9.00 to 17.00, on Thursdays – up to 20.00; Entrance – 3.5 euros), part of the collection of which has already moved to a new room on Mozartplatz. The Museum itself is an excellent place to explore the Roman era, which has, in addition to the usual vehicles of exhibits, many mosaics (some of them, dated III in. N. NS., Were found literally near, east of Mozartplatz), Roman water clocks, gothic wooden sculptures and even fragments of the altar from the village of Rauris (Rauris, Pinzgau region). There are here and rich collections of art of the later eras, as well as a separate assembly of ancient musical instruments.

Hohensalzburg

The symbol of the city – Fortress Hohensalzburg (HohenSalzburg) – located on the top of the Mount Festungberg, 120 meters towering over city quarters. Founded in the XI century, Archbishop Guckhard as a supporting point against regular raids of the South Hermann Barons, it was highly expanded and strengthened by Archbishop Leonard von Koychakh at the beginning of the XVI century and is now one of the largest medieval fortresses of Europe (area – more than 30 thousand. kv. m). You can reach her either on Festungsbahn funicular, leading from the southern end of Kapitelplatz (works daily: from May to August – from 9.00 to 22.00, in September – October – from 9.00 to 21.00, in winter – from 9.00 to 17.00; The ticket costs 5.6 euros one way, 8.5 euros – both includes an entrance to the fortress), either on foot, literally in 15 minutes of lifting on very picturesque quarters and stairs.

• Suburb Mulle
• Fortress Hohensalzburg
• The courtyard of the fortress
• Church Sebastianskirche

The main courtyard of the fortress (open to visit daily: from mid-March to mid-June – from 9.00 to 18.00; From mid-June to mid-September – with 9.00 to 19.00; From mid-September to mid-March – with 9.00 to 17.00; The entrance ticket is 3.6 euros, audiohyda – 3 euros) Together with several open bastions, it is a rather impressive spectacle. You can visit the old Archbishop residence in a serf palace, a number of luxurious halls of princely chambers (a separate fee for organized tours), two small museum – Rainer (the uniforms and weapons of the garrison located in the castle until 1945, closed from mid-October to April) and Burgmuze (dedicated to the history of the castle and its inhabitants, the entrance to both museum is free), as well as to listen to the oldest and well-known body of the city – Der Stier ("Bull", XVI B.).

Numerous tracks lead to the east of the fortress to female Monastery Nonnberg, Church of which is the reconstruction of the XV century of the Romanesque Basilica of the XI century. And to the west of the castle trails go to neighboring wooded Hill Menhsberg, Being a popular Sunday Walk and Picnic. From here open no less beautiful panoramas than from the walls of the castle, especially from the terrace near the Naturfreundhaus dormitory on the north-western tip of the hill. Here are the ruins of the fortification line of fortifications dating from the XVII century, as well as a labyrinth of the foliage-coated trail leading down to the suburbs of Mullin (MullN) in the north. And on Menhsberg itself there is also excellent Modern Art Museum www.MuseumderModerne.AT, considered the main exhibition center of this kind in the country. The water tower of the XIX century rises near his walls, and the terraces of the famous M32 restaurant are located slightly below, which are opening the breathtaking panoramas to the entire Old Town of UNESCO World Heritage List.

Right shore

The center of the old quarters of the right bank of Salzha is small Square Platzl Near the end Bridge StaatsBrucke. It is believed that it was she who was the eastern gate of the city, through which all the caravans with salt, who gave his name ("Salzburg" Translated from German – "Salt Mount"). Contemporary Street Steingasse, Just overlooking the square from the East, still retained most of its medieval nature, when it was just a narrow paved alley. Numerous mansions of that time are now given under the expensive bars, restaurants and other fishery.

• Stringasse street
• Tanzmeisterhaus – Mozart House
• Mirabel Castle
• Gardens Mirabhellgarten

Next east runs Linzergasse, Also almost completely built up stores and withdrawing to Kapucynerberg Hill, Which is named after the monastery on his top. Fortified during the thirty-year war, the hill and the monastery itself are more similar to a very serious fortress – protective towers and extended walls are still towering on the southern slopes. Here you can detect Villa and Memorial Stephen Collega, as well as an observation platform with beautiful views of the old town. On the mountain you can climb the steep rise IMBERGSTIEGE from Steingasse with a tiny Church of St. Johannisciphe halfway, or the stairs leading right through residential buildings.

On LinzerGasse you can see the strict Church Sebastianskirche and the same-name cemetery with the Mausoleum of the Archbishop Wolf Dietrich von Reteenau, the graves of Paracelsa, the father of Mozart Leopold and the widow of Constance, buried near her second husband – George Nikolaus von Nissen, one of the first biographers of Mozart. From the Western entrance to the cemetery, you can go to the ruins of the old prison Loretocloster (XVI-XVII centuries.) on Paris-Lodron-Strasse, to "Tower witches" Hextentturm (XV-XVIII centuries.), To Church of the Holy Trinity Above the Makartplatz area, House Mozart (here his family lived from 1773 to 1787) with a small museum, to the wide area of ​​Mirabellplatz and a gray-brown facade Castle Mirabel (XV-XVIII centuries.) with his famous gardens Mirabhellgarte (designed in 1690-1730.). And in the eastern part of the park, in the complex of the Castle Orangeie, settled down Baroque Museum www.Barockmuseum.AT.

Suburb

In the southern part of the city, one of the most famous sights of Salzburg – Palace, Gardens and Zoo Helbrunn (5 km south of Altstadt, available by bus number 25 from the station, Mirabellplatz or Rudolfskai area). The castle was built as a country villa of Archbishop Sittikus in 1613-1619 for the project of the Italian architect Santino Solari in the style of early baroque. Now this beautiful complex with grottoes, pools, fountains, stone theater and impeccable layout of Alley and Grove is one of the most popular children’s routes. The price of organized tours also includes a visit to the People’s Museum in the so-called Monastshlossa ("Castle of the month", It was really built in just a month) on a wooded hill in the far end of the park. And the northern slopes occupy excellent zoo, which developed from the collection of animals of Sittikus, who was a big hunt lover and rarely collector.

• Chapel in St. Peter’s Cemetery
• Theater Landestheater
• Monument on Papagenoplatz
• LEOPOLDSKRON Castle

From Helbrunna all the same bus number 25 will take to the village St. Leonard (Sankt Leonhard, 7 km south of the castle), from which the cable car leads to the top of the Untersberg Mountain (1853 m). The local legend claims that under this mountain is sleeping the legendary Emperor Charleman, but more it is known as a sightseeing platform, providing access to amazing panoramas like Salzburg himself in the north and snow-covered alpine vertices in the south. A little west, on the road to the Bavarian city Bad Rayhenhall, There is an excellent open Museum of Earth Salzburg (12 km south-west of the city, 5 km from Grossgamine village), in whose territory more than fifty historical buildings from all over the region. In the summer of weekends, live demonstrations of rural crafts and theatrical ideas devoted to everyday life and culture of the historical region of the region are arranged here.

Entertainment

As progress "Mozart city", music – "business card" Salzburg. The city runs a huge number of all kinds of musical festivals and ideas, a lot of clubs, theaters and music sites are open. The best source of information about a saturated cultural program can be considered the Stadt Leben weekly (published in German), freely distributed through the tourist office of the city, a special multilingual Events brochure produced every two months; as well as the daily newspaper Salzburger Nachrichten. Special Salzburg Ticket Service (Phone: (0662) 840-310, www.Salzburgticket.COM), open in the tourist office, will help you buy tickets for most ideas.

Salzburg festival www.SalzburgFestival.AT – one of the most prestigious musical reviews in the world passing in the Festspielhaus specially built for him from the last week of July until the end of August. Invariably passing since 1920, he collects the best performers of classical music (first of all, of course, the works of Mozart), as well as a number of outstanding musicians of other genres. Over the past few years, the festival program has become even more saturated and diverse, noticeably more democratic steel and ticket prices, so cheap places are now selling very quickly.

Another famous event – Mozartwoche – is also devoted to the music of the Great Composer and takes place every year on the birthday of Mozart (January 27) in the Mozarthum complex (Theatergasse 2, Phone: (0662) 873-154). Sunday morning in the large churches of Salzburg often satisfied the solemn liturgies to the music of Mozart – the most famous performances of this kind can be visited in Domkirkhe (10.00, the choir and organ of the cathedral) and FranciscricEnerkirche (9.00, www.Franziskaner.AT), although by and large in each acting church of the city, something like this is held (it is better to contact the city touroofis for the schedule). And the Sommer Szene festival (WWW.Sommerszene.Net, July) is dedicated to modern dance and experimental species of theatrical art.

In Salzburg, is one of the most prestigious dramatic Austria agencies – Salzburger Landestheater WWW.Theater.co.AT, considered the main platform for all sorts of theatrical representations. Also enjoy a good glory Kleines Theater (Schallmooser Hauptstrasse, 50 www.Kleines-Theater.AT), ARGE KULTUR GELANDE, (MUHLBACHERHOFWEG, 5 WWW.Argekultur.AT), ElizabethBuhne (Erzabt-Klotz-Strasse, 22 www.eBuehne.AT) and theater-studio Kammerspiele of the Main City Theater.

For fans of rock and pop music Good Rockhouse (Schallmooser Hauptstrasse, 46 www.Rockhouse.AT) And the same Arge Kultur Gelande. There is also an excellent jazz club and a cafe WWW.Jazzit.AT and Jazzclub Life www.JazzClub-Life.AT. The main Jazz Festival Salzburger Jazz Herbst is held in early November. And Cave WWW Club.Cave-Club.AT is the main city techno and trans platform. All of these and many other entertainment facilities can be found on Stadt Leben pages, street signs or special flans distributed through Musikladen Grams Store (LinzerGasse, 58).

Tourist office

Main tourist office of the city of WWW.SalzburgInfo.AT is in the heart of Altstadt, on Mozartplatz, 5. Open daily: from May to September from 9.00 to 19.00; From October to April – from 9.00 to 18.00. Its branches on the platform 2a of the city station, at Salzburg-Sud, AlpenSiedlung-Sud and Alpenstrasse stations. Here you can find good information brochures in English (free, but the urban map will cost 0.7-1 euros), as well as get help in booking a hotel or guesthouse for an acceptable fee. Here you can buy Salzburg Card (22 euros for 24 hours, 29 euros for 48 hours, 34 euros – by 72 hours), which provides the owner free access to most urban museums and cultural institutions, as well as unlimited use of public city transport.

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